Abstract: There was a closely relationship between ecological vegetation and changes in temperature and precipitation during the past sixteen years in the Bailongjiang basin. There has been a significantly positive relationship between the vegetation index (NDVI) and the precipitation within the middle and down reaches of the Bailongjiang basin (Tanchang, Zhouqu, Wudu, Wenxian). The influence of temperature and precipitation in different seasons on vegetation showed significantly diverse. In spring, the relationship between temperature and vegetation was mainly positive, among which the significant positive correlation pixel proportion is 26.07%, mainly located in the middle and upper reaches of the watershed. In summer, there was a positive relationship between precipitation and NDVI, with significant pixels of more than 11.21%, located in the middle and lower reaches of the Bailongjiang basin. In autumn, the relationship between temperature and vegetation was similar to precipitation, which was negatively correlated in the west and positively correlated in the east, of which the significant negative correlation pixel proportion was 7.13% (temperature) and 40.74% (precipitation), respectively. During the growing season (from spring to early autumn), there has been a positive relationship between temperature and NDVI as well as precipitation and NDVI, with significant pixels more than 22.08% (temperature) and 28.65% (precipitation), respectively.