Abstract: The Hanma National Nature Reserve is one of the most complete cold temperate zones in China. We analyzed the flora, the life type, and the ecotype of seed plants based on the field investigation, plant samples, the image collections, and identifications, and the literature. The results are as follows: 1) There are 512 species that belong to 62 families 224 genera, including 5 species of gymnosperm which belong to 2 families 4 genera ; 404 species of dicotyledons which belong to 47 families 174 genera; 103 species of monocotyledonous which belong to 13 families 46 genera. Compared to closed reserves with the, the species in the Hanma National Nature Reserve are more abundant. 2) In the composition of families, small family, and single family are dominant, accounting for 37.10% and 24.19% respectively of all the families; at the level of genera, a single genus is dominant, accounting for 51.79% of the total genera. 3) In terms of flora composition, the family level is dominated by worldwide distribution (61.29%), while the genus and species levels are dominated by temperate distribution (75.89% and 61.91%, respectively). Especially at the species level, there are 163 sub-frigid-cold-zone distribution types, accounting for 33.20%, which means that the species composition is dominated by temperate zones with strong frigid or cold-temperate characteristics. 4) The life type of seed plants in the Hanma National Nature Reserve is dominated by geophytes plants, accounting for 46.48%, indicating that the species composition is affected by the severe cold in winter and the extremely short growth period. 5) The ecotype is of seed plants in the Hanma National Nature Reserve is dominated by mesophytes, accounting for 57.42%.