Abstract: To better build the nature reserve system in China, the content of this paper mainly included a comprehensive review of the United States Wilderness Area protection legislation,aiming to provide the experience of legislation for the construction of our country’s nature reserve system.The Birth of the Wilderness Act in the United States has gone through a long legislative process. The reasons for the birth of the law included history, culture, and politics. From the drafting, deliberation, and adoption of this law and the signing and publication, this process fully demonstrated that legislation was the product of the game of interests. An analysis of the contents and features of the Wilderness Act revealed that the law was comprehensive in content and distinctive in characteristics, and has built up the American United States national forest system from a holistic perspective. The law reconstructed the relationship between human beings and wilderness, and formed the protective mechanism of integrated, secondary, and classified protection. From the perspective of comparative law, it was not only the time demand of ecological civilization and the proper meaning of community concept, but also the inevitable requirement of the modernization of ecological environmental governance system and governance capacity and the development and perfection of environmental law, it showed the necessity of China to establish the legislation of wilderness area protection. Specifically, China’s wilderness area protection legislation can be carried out from the concept explanation, concept assumption, and concrete arrangement.