Study on Nature Education Toward School Children Under the Background of “Dual-Reduction-Policy”
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摘要: 自然教育在我国方兴未艾,在“双减”政策背景下更是迎来了发展的政策红利期,但理论研究远落后于现实需求。本文运用CiteSpace软件梳理国内外儿童自然教育和自然链接学术文献形成知识图谱。研究发现,1)国外文献较为丰富,且注重实证型研究;而国内文献较少,且多为推介型研究;2)不同角度的文献呈现的主题不同,从教育学角度应深入研究“科学、保护、知识、课程”这几个学术关键词;从人文地理学角度应深入研究“影响、童年、可持续性、地方、灭绝、玩耍”这几个领域;从心理学角度可深入研究“态度、感知、体验、量表、健康”这几个话题。本文呼吁国内相关学界积极开展儿童与自然的实证研究,为中国儿童开展自然教育提供基础研究支撑。Abstract: Nature education demand is boosting in China nowadays, especially after the central government launched “dual-reduction-policy” recently. However, the theoretical research is far behind practice needs. This paper reviewed global papers on nature education and nature connectedness by using software CiteSpace to form a knowledge map. The results showed that Empirical research dominated English literature but was lack in Chinese literature. According to the academic key words identified by CiteSpace, “science (STEM), conservation, knowledge, curriculum” are promising research theme from educational perspective, “impact, childhood, sustainability, place, extinction, play” from human geographical perspective and “attitude, perception, experience, scale, health” from psychological perspective. This review appealed domestic academics to conduct empirical research in the above fields to provide scientific support for nature education toward Chinese children.
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Key words:
- nature education /
- nature connectedness /
- children /
- research progress
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表 1 儿童自然教育、环境教育、生态教育、户外教育领域的关键词(2000年以来)
Table 1. Keywords in the field of children’s nature education, environmental education, ecological education, and outdoor education (since 2000)
年份 关键词 2019 绿色,空间,干预,年轻人,户外玩耍,人类纪,户外课程(北欧),社会关系,种族,小学教育,政治,户外休闲,户外学习,自然准学校,性别差异,框架,伦理,环境学习,生态系统,儿童,身体,障碍 2018 灭绝,价值,气候变化,户外,天然环境,生物学,链接,教师,小学,城市,学校花园,亲环境行为,植物,模范,花园,消费,亲生物性,功能可见性,成就缺口 2017 性别,生态学,自我,教育学,儿童早期,可持续性教育,代表,心理学,地方性教育,绘本,乱丢垃圾,保护优先,童书 2016 影响,健康,户外教育,链接,公共健康,野生动物,压力,方向,生物多样性保护 2015 感知,活动,游客,调查,社会化,感觉,自然教育,测量,昆虫,绿色空间,旗舰生物 2014 可持续性,学习,地方,科学教育,动物教育,保留,博物馆,非正式教育,家庭,保护 2013 科学,注意力,童年,动物,生物多样性,早期儿童教育,环境行为,视角,管理,参与,分类学偏差,支持,健康教育,环境价值,情感 2012 量表,风险,自然,文化,协会 2011 学生,体验,玩耍,环境态度,未成年人,学校,环境,生态范式,设计,视野,信仰,城市规划,电视,身份 2010 知识,行为,传染病学,社区,可持续发展,儿童文学,阻止,父母 2009 态度,保护,课程,青年,环境健康 2008 教育,理解 2006 概念变更 2003 儿童 2000 环境教育 表 2 儿童自然教育、环境教育、生态教育、户外教育领域的核心关键词
Table 2. Core key words in children’s nature education, environmental education, ecological education, and outdoor education
关键词 次数 中心性 年份 关键词 次数 中心性 年份 关键词 次数 中心性 年份 环境教育 162 0.23 2000 行为 26 0.07 2010 可持续性 13 0.04 2014 儿童 103 0.18 2003 户外教育 17 0.08 2016 环境态度 12 0.04 2011 教育 56 0.17 2008 课程 17 0.05 2009 体验 11 0.08 2011 态度 48 0.14 2009 学校 17 0.03 2011 活动 11 0.04 2015 科学 15 0.14 2013 自然 17 0.03 2012 地方 11 0.03 2014 保护 19 0.11 2009 环境 17 0.02 2011 灭绝 11 0.02 2018 影响 14 0.1 2016 量表 14 0.05 2012 玩耍 10 0.05 2011 学生 9 0.1 2011 童年 13 0.07 2013 健康 10 0.09 2016 知识 34 0.08 2010 感知 13 0.05 2015 表 3 儿童自然教育、环境教育、生态教育、户外教育领域的主要学者
Table 3. Major scholars in children’s nature education, environmental education, ecological education, and outdoor education
次数 作者 次数 作者 次数 作者 3 Lincoln R Larson 2 Glen Nielsen 2 Nicole M Ardoin 3 Mads Bolling 2 Heather T Zimmerman 2 Peter Bentsen 2 Agnieszka Hlobil 2 Jelle B Pauw 2 Peter Kraftl 2 Aniko Szabo 2 Juerg Schlegel 2 Peter Van Petegem 2 Asiya M Belyalova 2 Kathryn T Stevenson 2 Radha Jagannathan 2 Catherine Walker 2 Lucy R Mcclain 2 Rashad A Kurbanov 2 Christopher M Raymond 2 M Nils Peterson 2 Reto Rupf 2 David Rousell 2 Matteo Giusti 2 Sibel Ozsoy 2 Erica Blatt 2 Mehmet Erdogan 2 Sophie Hadfieldhill 2 Erik Mygind 2 Michael J Camasso -
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